MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AT PAEC HOSPITAL, ISLAMABAD IN YEAR 2023

Abstract

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a range of serious cardiovascular conditions, including unstable angina, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)[

Objective: This study aimed to examine the frequency of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in ACS patients at the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Hospital in Islamabad in 2023.

Methodology: The study was carried out department of Cardiology, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), during the period 1^st Jan 2023 till 31^st December 2023. Male and female patients diagnosed with ACS and received thrombolytic therapy or PCI were enrolled. The patients were followed till hospital discharge and occurrence of MACE during the hospital stay was noted.

Results: A total of 215 individuals were registered. Patients were mostly male (65.11%) and with mean age 58.2 years. ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was the most common type of ACS, at 40%, followed by NSTEMI at 34.89% and unstable angina at 25.11%. The most common symptom of ACS was chest pain (85.58%), followed by shortness of breath (30.23%). Hypertension, affecting 45.11% of the population, was followed by diabetes, 29.30% were the most prevalent risk factors. Treatment included antiplatelet drugs (90.23%) and beta-blockers (75.81%) for most patients. PCI was performed on 60.47 percent of patients, whereas thrombolysis was given to 20.47 percent. MACE was observed in 16 patients (7.4%).

Conclusion: The results support earlier studies and emphasize the disease's substantial burden and the need for ongoing care and monitoring after thrombolysis and PCI.